MODES OF LISTENING

यदि आप किन्हीं कारणों से कक्षा में अनुपस्थित थे तो आप इस वीडियो के माध्यम से आसानी से इस विषय को समझ सकते हैं।  

MODES OF LISTENING

Listening is the process of receiving and interpreting sound signals (messages) received from the sender. Listening is one of the skills of communication. It can be developed by practicing regularly. Various methods of listening are, also, called modes of listening.

Types of modes of listening-

a)  Disengaged Listening

Disengaged mode of listening means the listener's body is present but his mind is not present during the communication. He hears the words but he is not really listening because his mind is on something else. For example- a student sitting in the class but in mind he is busy with a friend's birthday planning. Hence, he cannot listen.

The main feature of disengaged listening is only the physical presence of the listener.

b) Competitive/ Combative Listening

The combative mode of listening means the listener is listening but he is also proving himself better than the speaker. For example- In the horizontal level meeting (all are at the same level) everybody wants to prove himself more knowledgeable than the other. They listen less but speak more. They want to prove their point rather than listen to others.

The main features of Competitive listening are speaking more than listening and overpowering the speaker.

c) Active Listening- 

The active mode of listening (as the name suggests) is very attentive listening. The listener carefully listens to the speaker and continuously engages with the speaker. Active Listening involves full attention to the speaker. The listener shows his interest through facial expressions, body language, asking questions from time to time, etc. It makes communication effective and fruitful.

The main features of active listening are proper feedback and learning.

d) Passive Listening

Passive mode of listening means a listener listens carefully and seeks to understand but he doesn't ask any questions to the speaker. He also doesn't respond to the questions neither he shows his interest in the conversation. For Example- In a group, few people sit there, only to listen but they never take part in the conversation.
The main feature of passive listening is avoiding feedback from the listener.

Differences between active and passive modes of listening

Active listening	Passive listening
The listener is very active.	The listener is not active.
The listener gives proper feedback to the speaker	The listener doesn’t give feedback.
Doubts and inquiries are asked.	No query from the listener.

Differences between passive and disengaged modes of listening

Passive listening	Disengaged listening
The listener is present by mind and body.	The listener is present only by body.
The listener doesn’t give feedback.	The listener doesn’t listen.
No query from the listener.	The listener is busy with his thoughts.

TRAITS OF A GOOD LISTENER

TRAITS/CHARACTERISTICS/QUALITIES OF A GOOD LISTENER

'Traits' means 'qualities. A listener must have certain qualities so that he can understand the sounds and words correctly. Effective listening results in good responses, better understanding, and healthy relationships. 

A good listener must have the following qualities-

1. Focused-'Being focused means understanding the central point of something.' 

A listener is focused when listening to the speaker. He maintains good eye contact to show his focus. This helps him to understand speech better. He does not care much about 'how to react' rather he should listen, process, and understand. He listens to comprehend, not respond. 

2. Attentive

Being attentive means 'listening or watching carefully'. A listener is engaged in the current moment instead of remembering the past or thinking about the next. The listener avoids all distractions, including phones and other people. He remains active in writing queries or taking notes.

3. Without Expectation

A good listener listens without any expectations. He is not attached to a certain outcome. He allows the speaker to speak freely. Any expectation by the listener forces the conversation in the listener's desired direction. He accepts the conversation as it goes naturally. 

4. Not be an attention seeker

'Attention seeker means a person who tries to get attention, typically in an inappropriate (wrong) manner.'

A good listener helps the speaker whenever he sticks somewhere. But he doesn’t disturb the speaker unnecessarily. He does not take attention away from the speaker.

5. Ready to Respond

A good listener is ready to respond to the speaker either through positive body language or through words. Both ways boost the energy of the speaker. Remember, the listener responds responsibly not with a critical (and often wrong or harsh) mind. A listener's positive response prepares a smooth environment for building good relations with the speaker.

6. Listen more and speak less

A good listener must not show his knowledge while listening. Instead, he focuses on speech and responds when necessary.  He doesn’t aim to dominate the conversation but rather tries to listen even more than he listens.

7. Use positive body gestures

A listener must show a positive response even through his body language. This may include a smile, posture, facial expression, nodding, etc. It encourages the speaker to continue. One of the best ways to show attentive listening is to keep eye contact with the speaker. These nonverbal cues have an especially important place in listening. 

8. Don’t interrupt

It’s frustrating for a speaker to speak and constantly get interrupted by listeners. A listener does not interrupt the speaker in the middle. Unnecessary interruption becomes the reason for losing an argument or train of thought or even getting the whole point derailed and forgotten. A good listener understands this fury and simply listens until the speaker completes his point. If he is confused, he asks after the speaker has made his point. 

9. Ask follow-up questions

An important part of listening is engagement with the speaker. A listener asks follow-up questions after the speech of the speaker. A good listener encourages the speaker by asking relevant questions. He tries to get more details. He clears his doubts by asking questions.

10. Listen to learn

A good listener believes in learning something new from each speech. He actively listens to understand new information and asks the speaker to elaborate. He remains interested and invests time in each meeting.

11. Patient

A good listener does not make haste to judge the speaker and speech. He waits until the speaker finishes his point of view. Patience makes a person a good listener. 

12. Curious to know

Curious means 'finding more about anything'. A good listener is genuinely curious and wants to find out more from the speech. He wants answers, and he is excited about how the speaker will handle his queries.

13. Summarize after listening

A good listener prepares a summary of the speech. This helps highlight important moments and any outstanding issues. It helps a listener for future references related to this topic.

Lexical Verbs

 Lexical verbs are the main verbs (or action words) in a sentence. They can show the subject’s action or express a state of being. They fall into several categories: transitive, intransitive, linking, dynamic, and static.

They carry some kind of real-world meaning and are sometimes actually known as the main verb.

So lexical verbs carry a semantic meaning. The only verbs not classed as lexical are auxiliary verbs‏‎, be, do, should, can, etc. These auxiliary verbs have a grammatical meaning (they talk about modality, voice, etc).

A lexical verb is a verb that provides information. The opposite of lexical verbs are auxiliary verbs, which provide grammatical structure.

Identifying lexical verbs in each sentence:

1. Soon, I will have a new car.
2. I do my homework daily on the way to school.
3. She laughed only on my interesting jokes.
4. He sings song very well.
5. He ran very slowly.
6. My class teacher scolded me.
7. He loves Chinese recipes very much.
8. I have taken a dog from obedience training.
9. I will pretend myself to be asleep.
10. I will be attending the meeting this evening next week.
11. I will buy this jacket for you.
12. I am giving haircut service for 30 years.
13. He will pick me at my home.
14. She will not bring lunch today.
15. I will not go to school today.
16. My mother will give me birthday present.
17. We go to abroad this summer.
18. I will celebrate my birthday in the five star restaurant.
19. I am doing preparations for my final exams.
20. I was studying in London in those days.

Answers: 1 – have, 2 – do, 3 – laughed, 4 – sings, 5 – ran, 6 – scolded, 7 – loves, 8 – taken, 9 – pretend, 10 – attending, 11 – buy, 12 – giving, 13 – pick, 14 – bring, 15 – go, 16 – give, 17 – go, 18 – celebrate, 19 – doing, 20 – studying