Age is no bar for learning and sharing. This blog will definitely develop your skills -reading , writing, listening, speaking, reasoning etc. Subject related written content, stories as well as videos imbedded in the content page will assist you to be confident enough to face challenges in real situations in life.
The statement that
contains the particulars of holding a meeting is known as a notice. It is one
kind of request to the members for attending the meeting. The date, time,
place, and agenda are informed through the notice. It may be oral or written.
“ A notice is the
communication-verbal or written informing the persons entitled to attend the
meeting about the time, date, place and the business of the meeting.” - S.K.
Dutta
When a meeting is to be
convened, a notice is required to be sent to all who are to attend it.
It should satisfy these
conditions:
1. It should be under
proper authority
2. It should state the
name of the organization.
3. It should state the
day, date, time, and place. Also, sometimes, how to reach the place
4. It should be well in
advance. Some require seven days’ notice and some 48 hours.
5. It should state the
purpose and, if possible, the agenda
6. It should carry the
date of circulation and the convener’s/secretary’s signature
7. It should go to all
persons required at the meet
8. It should mention the
TA/DA etc. payable and the arrangements for this
In practice, it is
necessary to ensure that the notice has been reached in time. This may be done
telephonically. Dispatch section and post are prone to delays
We often find that
between the date of a letter from a major public organization and the postmark
on the letter, there is a gap of 10-12 days. A notice that should reach seven
days before a meeting should not reach seven days after the meeting.
Doaab
Housing Society
Partapur
bypass, Meerut
NOTICE
OF MEETING
13th March, 2023
The 20th Meeting of the executive
committee will be held at 4:00 PM on Saturday, 13th Feb, 2023 in ‘Lotus’,
first floor, T-Block. The agenda is mentioned below-
4:01
PM Minutes of the previous meeting
4:05
PM Appointment of 2 new junior accountant
4:10 PM Proposal
for the purchase of office item
4:20 PM List of
celebrations for approval
4:30
PM Replacement of old gen-set.
You are requested to reach the
meeting venue with a writing pad and pen 5 minutes before the schedule.
TED stands for Technology,
Entertainment, and Design. TED Talks are small videos not more than 18
minutes (may vary) used for sharing knowledge. A TED talk is a recorded
public-speaking presentation, and it is also used for enhancing Listening
skills. It is found effective in supporting extensive listening practice among
language learners.
The process of learning by listening to TED Talks
The basic way to use TED talks is to simply listen to them. To improve listening, listeners should listen, analyze, repeat, work with it, and use it.
a) Watch the video more than once: TED videos that are three to five minutes long should be watched more than once.
b) The first time, watch for enjoyment and focus on the main idea.
c) The second time, watch to learn something and focus on the details.
d) The next time, watch for note-taking by writing down the main ideas.
e) Listen many times and use new vocabulary
Benefits/importance/advantages of
TED TALKS
There are several benefits of using TED Talk videos-
a) TED Talk videos are interesting for all due to wide range.
b) TED Talks’ ‘interactive transcript’ help listener to read also. It enhances students’ motivation.
c) TED videos are sharable and downloadable easily.
d) TED Talks can be easily searched in many ways, including by speaker, subject, or theme.
e) TED Talks can be accessed at any time and any place the internet facility on any A/V device.
f) TED Talks motivates students and promotes self-directed and independent learning.
Tips to Improve
listening by using TED Talks
a) An active listener must apply listening and writing together.
b) Try to use the new words while speaking or writing.
c) The listener must use the transcript feature to understand the speaker.
d) Read the transcript aloud with the speaker to practice pronunciation and vocal skills. E) Listen carefully the words the speaker emphasizes and repeats.
Writing is one of the effective means of
communication. It is a type of verbal communication and comes with interpersonal
skills to communicate ideas and thoughts in a readable form. We can use several
different writing methods to make the writing more engaging and exciting and
keep the audience reading until the end of the piece. The following are the main methods
of writing-
1.Inductive
Method:
In the inductive method, an author moves from a particular
statement to a general statement. The writer gives detailed arguments or
illustrations in favour of the statement and finally makes a conclusion. The final statement
contains the core ideas. It includes a topic sentence (main idea) at the end. It
is one of the scientific logical techniques that scientists have been using
over the year.
Examples –
Years Ago, scientists synthesized a so-called revolutionary product- thermocol. They didn't give a thought to its dangerous properties that would threaten the planet and its life in the future. Actually, thermocol is one of the most dangerous non-decomposable,
non-recyclable polymers. Now, it has been proven a big threat to the environment and the lives on our planet. It pollutes the environment and causes various diseases in living beings. In spite of knowing the hazardous
effects, we have made it an integral part of our daily life due to its utilization in various fields like- packaging, decoration, cutlery, etc. Thermocol is just one man-made dangerous product, the list is very long. Man has created numberless dangerous and non-biodegradable polymers which have become a threat to the whole planet.
In a remote part of a hilly town, a big and grand school building was lying wasted and unnoticed by the local government. This school was donated by a non-profit organization ten years before. This was a purposefully built brand-new structure that would serve a large community that had no school for their children. The building was grand and it was built at the foot of the hill to avoid a polluted environment, vehicles honking and howling in the crowdy places. The opening got a huge response from local people, ministers, and the media. The politicians praised the initiative of the organization and said that it was a major development for the area and would radically change the lives of the people. It started with the ministers' fund but with the passing of time, the local government didn't care much about the school. unfortunately, due to the lack of funds the teachers left the school, other staff was also left. children used to come and go back without studying. Slowly they stopped to come to school. This big and grand school became empty and useless. Many aid projects fail because of poor planning, thereby wasting huge amounts of money.
2.Deductive
Method:
This is the most common logical writing method used
in technical communication. It involves the process of moving from a general
statement to specific details. The topic sentence is usually the first sentence
in the paragraph making a general statement that contains the core idea leading to
supporting ideas one by one like examples, details, etc.
Examples-
Many aid projects fail because of poor planning, thereby wasting huge amounts of money. It is due to without proper planning, and the interest of the governing bodies. In a remote part of a hilly town, a big and grand school building was lying wasted and unnoticed by the local government. This school was donated by a non-profit organization ten years before. This was a purposefully built brand-new structure that would serve a large community that had no school for their children. The building was grand and it was built at the foot of the hill to avoid a polluted environment, vehicles honking and howling in the crowdy places. The opening got a huge response from local people, ministers, and the media. The politicians praised the initiative of the organization and said that it was a major development for the area and would radically change the lives of the people. It started with the ministers' fund but with the passing of time, the local government didn't care much about the school. unfortunately, due to the lack of funds, the teachers left the school, and other staff was also left. children used to come and go back without studying. Slowly they stopped to come to school. Afterward, this big and grand school became empty and useless.
3.Spatial
Method:
It is also called the order of place. It emphasizes the visual description of a particular idea, thing, or place. It includes detail related to location and direction. The description goes from inside to outside, left to right, and bottom to top. The best place to use spatial organization is in descriptions of scenes and settings, but it can also be utilized when giving instructions or directions.
Examples-
I have a sweet home in the new township. It has three rooms. when I enter the main gate, it has a big loan at the right and a small garage at the left. The main door enters the drawing room. Attached to my right drawing room wall is a small brown wooden rack. just above it, there is a big window that has snow white thick curtains. Next to it, there is a decorated brown coloured bookshelf occupied with all sorts of books. Right to the bookshelf is my desk in the right corner. A laptop, a pen stand with all sorts of pens, a few books, and a writing pad with blank sheets are giving a clumsy look on the desk.The front wall has two large paintings of modern art on either side of the door that enters the lawn. Turning my head to the left, I see a full-length window covering almost the left wall. the white curtains are tied to both sides so a big picture of the garden can be seen through the window glass.
As I entered the room I saw a big wooden almirah
at the front wall just opposite to entry door. To the left of the almirah, there was
a small window. A narrow passage towards the washroom was just left to the
window. The left wall has a large painting. Below the painting, an armchair was
lying vacant. As I moved my eyes to the right, I saw a study table that was big enough to give place to a small book tray, a tabletop, a pen stand, a few papers, a writing pad, a few file folders, and one radio.
4.Linear
Method:
The literal meaning of the word ‘linear’ is 'in line'. In a paragraph, one sentence leads to the next one
and thus the sentences move toward their goal. The linear logical pattern
involves presenting ideas in a progressive way. The sentences are connected to
each other logically.
Example –
The pan was put on the gas stove and Meera lit
the burner. Then he poured one cup of water. When it boiled she add tea leaves, sugar, and ginger to it. After one minute, she added milk to it and boiled it for I more
minute. The tea was ready.
Sugar is extracted from sliced sugar beets, after
which juice is purified through a series of milk of lime and CO2 process steps.
Then the filtered juice is evaporated and sugar is crystallized from it.
5.Chronological
Method:
It refers to the narration of events in the order
in which they occur in time, beginning with the first event, going on to the
next, and so on. It is quite easy and natural to record events in the order of their happening. It is mostly used in periodic reports, historical events, incidents, routines, etc. Generally, after, next, currently, later, then, before, now, next, Finally, etc. are used.
Example –
During my college days, I used to get up at 6 in
the morning and study for 2 hours daily. I would enter the mess at 8:00 am
without taking a bath. The college started at 9:00 am. Usually, I reached late for
the first lecture. I kept sitting at my bench till 12:50 pm. After reaching the mess I finished my lunch fast and went to the hostel for a nap at 01:15 pm.
I was born in 1972 in the month of December. my father came to the city from his village after my birth. I was admitted to a Hindi medium school with my three brothers in 1976. I, with my brothers, studied there for the next 8 years. Then I was admitted to a girls' school. I passed my class 12th in 1989. I got first division and moved to the next college for higher studies. I got my graduation degree in 1992 and Post graduation degree in 1994 from the same college. As I was deeply interested in fashion design, I took one year course in fashion technology and pursue my passion. In 1996, I left my job and got married. I started teaching in a primary school. I was blessed with two beautiful and pretty daughters in 1997 and 2001. I continued my teaching job till 2007 and then I moved to industry as a trainer. There I worked for two years. I got another opportunity in 2009 in an Engineering College and I worked there for 7 years. The next turning point came when I got selection as a Principal in a group of schools chain. After working as a principal for three years, I moved to my home back due to Covid in 2020. when Covid ended, I joined an institute in 2022 in my hometown and am still working in the institute. This is how I reached here.
6.Exposition
Method:
The exposition method refers to the detail or explanation of a topic. Description, Comparison, and contrast can also be used to expose the topic. The purpose of this method is to provide information through examples and illustrations.
Example –
People often think, all planets are alike, but there are actually three types of planets in the solar system. The terrestrial planets are made of rock and metal and are closest to the sun. These include the midsize planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. They rotate slowly and don’t have many moons. Farther from the sun are the planets called gas giants, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. They are called gas giants because they are formed from gases such as hydrogen and helium. Gas giants rotate fast and have many moons. Finally, planetoids are objects made up of rock and ice and are too small to be true “planets.” Planetoids sometimes even get pulled into a planet’s gravitational field and become moons themselves. Whether they are terrestrials, gas giants, or planetoids, the planets in the solar system are fascinating.
7.Explanation
Method:
This means an explanation of a central idea, a
statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant
structure or operation or circumstances, etc. followed by the topic sentence,
main idea, supporting sentences, and adequate justification.
Example –
Breathing is a simple process of inhaling and
exhaling gases but when it reaches to lungs, oxygen from inhaled gases
diffuses into blood capillaries through the alveoli and co2 from blood capillaries
entered the alveoli. From there, CO2 mixes with gas in the lungs and is taken
out by the process of exhaling.
Photosynthesis is the process of preparation of food by green plants and certain other organisms which transform light energy into chemical energy. The green plants have chloroplast, a cell organelle, which plays an important role in food preparation. Photosynthesis takes place in these tiny organelles. During photosynthesis, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.
8.Interrupted
Method:
The interruptive method includes either the use of punctuation marks ((), -, !, ".... ", etc.) or a sudden change in tense (from present to past or past to future or future to present, etc.). It
includes breaking ideas to elaborate things and for clear
understanding.
Example-
Hemant was excited as the march was going to be
tough. Suddenly Priyansh hit a six. Hemant screamed, “Watch out! Our team is
going to win”.
Usually, my neighbour feeds stray animals. Every day, he gets up early and takes plenty of variety of food for them. Before a year, he was a different person. he drank a lot and kicked small animals that came in front of his gate. He also, used to shout and bully the people in neighbouthood. Nobody liked him. One day he fell ill and was confined to his room. Then a small puppy barked a lot in front of his door and dragged the attention of the people to his house. people came and took him to the hospital. his life was saved due to that small puppy. this incident changed his life. Now, that man has changed himself and now he has good relations with all the neighbours.
Writing is a skill used for creating the text of information by making logical symbols of sounds in a language and is done with a writing tool (like a pen, pencil, etc.) and a surface to write symbols.
It is the art of expressing thoughts, ideas, expressions, emotions, etc., and a writer can utilize it for writing many documents like- essay writing, paragraph writing, passage writing, content writing, story writing, column writing, etc.
It is an output skill and can be enhanced by reading
Professional writing is a way to convey
technical or official pieces of information, and some examples of professional writing are emails, notices, memos, formal
letters, news bulletins, posters, flyers, PPTs, technical
reports, proposals, research papers, and project writings.
II. EFFECTIVE WRITING
The writing that has a logical flow of ideas and is cohesive, is called effective writing. It holds all the sentences together very well because of links between sentences and paragraphs. It is easily readable i.e., clear, accurate, and concise. Effecive writing is written in such a way that reader can understand it effortlessly, unambiguously (without confusion), and rapidly. Effective
writing needs careful selected words, sentences, style, length, and many more
features that help to develop a message accurately.
IMPORTANCE/SIGNIFICANCE OF EFFECTIVE WRITING
1. Effective writing helps to explain complex concepts. 2. It helps to issue clear instructions. 3. Itfulfills its purpose.
4. It provides accurate message in one reading. 3. It has a large outreach.
TIPS TO ENHANCE WRITING SKILL
● Brush up on the basics. ● Practice and write on a regular basis. ● Read regularly. ● Note down good words. ● Imitate the writers you admire. ● Adopt certain styles of writing. ● Be clear about your ideas and thoughts. ● Imagine an event sequence in a dramatic manner. ● Harmonious blend of narration and reflection. ● Unity and coherence among the sentences. ● Grabs attention through the introduction section. Act as a map directing the reader by defining the purpose and scope of the topic. ● While writing the conclusion summarizes the entire text, bringing the reader’s focus on the main ideas through a change of tone.
● Use effective words and phrases to leave lasting impressions in the minds of your readers.
● Don't add ideas that you are not sure of.
IV. TOOLS FOR EFFECTIVE WRITING
The tools of effective writing are those particular elements
that help a writer convert his ideas into an effecttive text. These tools help writer to write effectively and allow readers to understand the text completely in one reading. Almost similar tools are applied to preparing texts for longer documents
like reports, proposals, articles, research papers, etc; For preparing the written
text of speeches also.
Writing tools aid to present ideas in the most suitable and understandable format for the target audience. Hence, the developed content is clear, correct,
accurate, and descriptive. Few of the effective writing tools as as follows-
Topic Sentence- The sentence clearly stating the theme of a text is a topic sentence. It describes the main idea of a paragraph. A paragraph is developed around the topic sentence. It helps a writer to bring unity, coherence, and development.
Unity- Unity means oneness of thought. One idea is dealt with throughout the paragraph. All the sentences point towards the same idea. When the writer changes to a new idea, the writer should
begin a new paragraph. Unity can be achieved by relevant illustrations and examples. This tool helps a writer to stick to a single idea in a paragraph.
Coherence-Coherence refers to the smooth flow of ideas in a paragraph so that readers can understand the paragraph. This tool helps a writer to develop an effective paragraph.
How to Achieve Coherence
By repeating a Key Term/Phrase related to the central idea.
Emphasis- The word is derived from the Greek word 'emphainein' meaning "to display." In the English language, it means emphasis. In paragraph writing, emphasis
refers to the power of expression to indicate the importance of words. This tool helps a writer to bring unity.
Adequate Development-Adequate development means sufficient length of a document. This tool is used to give moderate length- neither short nor lengthy. This tool helps a writer to adjust his thoughts within the limit of the length of the text.
Clarity- Clarity means no confusion. This tool helps a writer state his purpose clearly to make the reader understand the message. This tool allows a writer to discuss only one idea in one paragraph.
How to Achieve Clarity
Avoiding technical jargon.
Splitting the message into separate paragraphs.
Highlighting key points.
Avoiding ambiguity by correct spelling, pronouns,
proverbs, etc.
Avoiding lengthy sentences.
Using simple language in place of high-sounding words.
Correctness- Correctness means no mistakes. A written document should be accurate in spelling, punctuation, sentence structure, data, and figures. The correct message has a good impact on the receiver. This tool helps a writer to write an error-free document.
Completeness- Completeness means writing all the relevant information in the document. The complete information
helps a reader in better understanding and decision-making. If a message has incomplete details, feedback will not be satisfactory, and
effective communication is impossible. This tool helps a writer to make his message comprehensive for readers.
How to Achieve Completeness
By providing the necessary information.
By answering who, what, when, where, and why.
By satisfying all the queries.
Organization- Organization refers to a well-placed beginning, middle, and ending with proper headings and subheadings, and the message can be understood easily. This tool helps a writer to develop a logical text with a starting, middle, and end.
Descriptiveness- Descriptiveness is a tool for giving value to writing. It means to cover each aspect by giving proper description. For example- while writing a manual for mobile, troubleshooting and precautions are also described. This tool helps a writer to provide all the necessary things that are required by the reader.
Language- Language is a tool for putting thoughts into reality. The
choice of words reflects clarity of thoughts. Language should match the type and purpose of writing. This tool helps a writer to convert thoughts, views, information, emotion, etc. into verbal content.
Appropriateness- Appropriate means relevant. The style and
content should match the taste of the reader. For example- the children's book
will be designed differently from the youth. This tool helps the writer to create content according to the reader.
Acceptability- This applies to legal policies, rules, and
regulations. The written material must be acceptable to a wide range of
audience. This tool helps the writer in the careful selection of language that is acceptable to a large section of society.
Conciseness- Consciseness means using fewer words for writing a message by removing unnecessary words and phrases from the text. Conciseness helps a writer to complete his message impactfully with the minimum number of words.
How to achieve Conciseness
By removing redundancy,
By reducing clauses to phrases
By reducing phrases and clauses to single words.
By avoiding the use of words really, very, totally, etc.,
By avoiding euphemisms.
Flow- A Flow in writing indicates the sequential movement of thoughts
and ideas that helps a writer grab attention as the reader finds the message comprehensive.
How to Achieve Flow in Writing
Make sentence relationships apparent,
Use cohesive devices to join sentences(however, since,
because, since, though),
Interlink sentences with proper ideas, arrange sentences with
logical ideas
order (to achieve clarity), deep thoughts, and
development.
