PARTS OF SPEECH

PARTS OF SPEECH

PARTS OF SPEECH

Language is based on certain individual fractions (words/parts). These basic parts of a language are called parts of speech. To start learning a language, it is important to know the different Parts of Speech in that language. Similarly, we must know all the parts of speech in the English language. Overall, the English language has eight Parts of Speech.

DIFFERENT PARTS OF SPEECH

1.    NOUN

2.    PRONOUN

3.    ADJECTIVE

4.    VERB

5.    ADVERB

6.    PREPOSITION

7.    CONJUNCTION

8.    INTERJECTION

How to change one part of speech into another part of speech 

(interchange of parts of speech)

1.     NOUN: - Noun is a naming word. It is the name of a person, place, thing, group, material, state, quality, etc.

For example-

a)   Rohit is standing.                              (‘Rohit’ - name of a person)

b)   Meerut is a clean and green city.      (‘Meerut’ - name of a place)

c)   This bouquet is very big.                  (‘bouquet’-name of a bunch/group)

d)   I bought a table.                                (‘table’- the name of a thing)

e)   Your honesty is known by all.          (‘honesty’-name of a quality)

f)   Copper is lying in the store.              (‘copper’-name of a material)    

Hence, any name which is related to a person, race, thing, place, state, quality, group, material, etc is called a noun.

2.     PRONOUN: -Pronoun is one of the parts of speech. It replaces a noun and is used in place of a noun.

For example-

a)   Rohit is standing. He is our captain. 

(In the second sentence; Rohit is replaced by ‘he’)

b)   Meerut is a clean and green city. It is in UP. 

(In the second sentence; Meerut’ is replaced by ‘it’)

c)   This bouquet is very big. It has red roses only. 

(In the second sentence; ‘bouquet is replaced by ‘It’)

d)   Meena bought a table. She placed it in her room. 

(In the second sentence; ‘Meena’ is replaced by ‘she’)

e)   Boys are playing there. They are sincere. 

(In the second sentence; ‘Boys’ is replaced by ‘they’)

He, she, they, it, we, you, I, mine, theirs, me, us, me, her, his, etc. are pronouns because these can replace any naming word.    

3.     ADJECTIVE: - Adjective is one of the parts of speech. It describes a noun or pronoun or adjective. It speaks about colour, shape, size, qualities, merits, state, features, etc. of a noun or a pronoun or an adjective.

For example-

a)   You are a smart boy.                                (boy is smart)

b)   This is a red car.                                      (car is red)

c)    Sheenu loves black chocolate.               (chocolate is black)

d)   Hitesh is very innocent.                          (Hitesh is innocent)

e)   I bought a heavy necklace.                     (necklace is heavy)

Hence, any word which describes a noun or pronoun or another adjective is called an adjective.

4.     VERB: - Verb is one of the parts of speech. It is used to describe an action or a state, or an occurrence.

For example-

a)   Our Principal clapped for our class.     (clapped,  is action)

b)   Police inspectors caught the thieves.   (caught, is action)

c)    Suresh is Gram Pradhan.                     (is, is a state)

d)   You are honest.                                     (are, is state)

e)   We have two tractors.                           (have, is possession)

f)    The accident seems horrible.               (seems, is occurrence)

g)   Weather became hot.                            (became, is occurrence)

In the above sentences, all the underlying words are verbs.

5.     ADVERB: - Adverb is one of the parts of speech that qualifies, either a verb or an adjective, or another adverb. Generally, it speaks about the manner of action.

For example-

a)   My mother work silently.                    (work-silently)

b)   I brush my teeth twice a day.              (brush-twice)

c)    Vinod stood out with his brother.       (stood-out)

d)   My Teacher writes neatly.                   (writes-neatly)

e)   You met him yesterday.                       (met-yesterday)

  In the above sentences, all the underlying words are adverbs because they qualify the verbs.

6.     PREPOSITION: - Preposition is a part of speech that shows the relation of one noun/pronoun to another word in a sentence.

For example-

a)   My laptop is in the bag.                             (laptop-in-bag)

b)   I went to market with him.                        (I-with- him)

c)    Teacher gave a new project to students.   (project-to-students)

d)   Hina is on the roof.                                    (Hina-on-roof)

e)   Water is flowing above the danger point.  (water-above-danger point)

  In the above sentences, all the underlying words are prepositions because they tell the relation of two nouns/pronouns

7.     CONJUNCTION: - Conjunction is a part of speech that joins either two words or phrases or clauses or sentences.

 For example-

a)   Ram and Shyam are my ideals.

b)   Vishesh is going to market and he will bring fruits.

c)    He left the place but I kept on standing there.

d)   I submitted his project in the lab or at the reception.

e)   Sher Singh knows where they should go.

 In the above sentences, all the underlying words are conjunctions.

8.     INTERJECTION: - Interjection is a part of speech that is used to express some sudden feelings. It is grammatically independent of the words around it.

For example-

a)   Oh! I forget to bring my card.

b)   Alas! Jaya lost everything during this pandemic.

c)    Wow! I haven’t seen such a lovely toy.

d)   Hurray! You have made my day.

e)   Ouch! I got a cut on my shoulder.

 In the above sentences, all the underlying words are interjections.

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EXERCISE TIME

A. Write the part of speech for the underlined words in each sentence-

 

1.     He worked carefully.

2.     He laughed heartily.

3.     The hungry lion was coming out of the forest.

4.     Rohit is extremely clever.

5.     She sings beautifully.

6.     They came slowly.

7.     He answered his teacher respectfully.

8.     He is reading a newspaper.

9.     He takes tea for breakfast.

10.  She studies till late at night daily.

11.  She went to the market and bought some eggs.

12.  I want to go now.   

13.  What are you doing there?    

14.  There is a mouse underneath the piano.

15.  Masons build houses. 

16.  Although she is poor, she is happy.        

17.   Oh! Is it true?

18.  The policeman didn’t run fast enough to catch the thief.    

19.  I can run.

20.  He gave me a book.

21.  An honest policeman is liked by all.

22.  As we eat more we get fat.

23.  A beautiful woman. John is my best friend.

24.  She looked up but didn’t see anything.    

25.  My family lives in different parts of India.

26.  That was a difficult question.

27.  She was very impressed with her results.    

28.  The cheetah is a wild animal.

29.  My kite flew higher than the house.

30.  I was sitting between Dhruv and Laxman.

31.  You are very rude.

32.  This table is rectangular.

33.  I am eating food.             

34.  I speak confidently.

35.  Rohit is standing.

36.  My city is clean.

37.  This bunch is very big.

38.  Copper is lying in the store.

39.  Rohit is a nice boy. 

40.  He obeys everybody.

41.  My mother is cooking food. 

42.  She is in the room

43.  She is a good cook.

44.  I bought a saree. 

45.  She was standing at the bus stop.

46.  It was red in colour.

47.  Ram and Krishna are sources of inspiration. 

48.  They are my friends.

49.  This is a red ball.

50.  She writes neatly.

51.  Vikas plays brilliantly.

52.  A tall boy is standing there.

53.  Alas! He lost his property.

54.  Yahoo! We made it.

55.  My pen is on the table.

56.  Dog ran across the field.

57.  Balram and Krishna were brothers.

58.  I bought a table.

59.  Your honesty is known by all.

60.  She may be in the kitchen or on the roof.)

61.  You are playing.

62.  He seems happy.           

63.  Weather became hot.     

64.  This is the place where we lived in our childhood.

65.  Wow! This is great.

 

B. Use nouns in the blanks-

1. .............. is in the ground.
2. I gave a ............. to my friend.
3. These are beautiful ...............
4. All the ................. are kept in the ...............
5. You want a glass of ................
6. Would you like to have ................
7. Please, give me a ...................
8. Go to the ..................... to visit your ................
9. I have admitted my .................... in ..................
10. My .................. is not working without power.

C. Fill pronoun in the blanks-

1. .............. wants to submit ...............request.
2. ............. completed my work by myself.
3. Rahim called .............mother.
4. ............ is a brilliant student.
5. ............... is a nice place.
6. Guddu can not go without .............. father.
7. Principal called ................ to talk.
8. ................ are an honest person.

D. Fill in the blank with the correct part of speech as given in the bracket-

1.      I was sitting between Dhruv ________Laxman. (Conjunction)

2.      She _________ at the bus stop. (Action verb)

3.      Dog ran __________ the field. (proposition)

4.      _________ He lost his property. (interjection)

5.      He worked _________. (adverb)

6.      He __________ heartily. (action verb)

7.      The __________ lion was coming out of forest. (adjective)

8.      Rohit is __________ clever. (adverb)

9.      ___________ sings beautifully. (pronoun)

10.   __________ We made it. (interjection)

11.   _________ came slowly. (noun)

12.   He answered his __________ respectfully. (noun)

13.   He ___________ a newspaper in his hand. (non-action verb)

14.   He takes tea __________ breakfast. (preposition)

15.   She studies till late night _______ . (adverb)

16.   She went to the market and bought __________ eggs. (adjective)

17.   _________want to go now.    (pronoun)?    

18.   ___________ is a mouse underneath the piano.      (preposition)

19.   Masons _________ houses. (action verb)

20.   _________ she is poor, she is happy.        (conjunction)

21.   Have we bought __________ chairs? (adjective)

22.   The ___________ didn’t run fast enough to catch the thief.    (noun)

23.   I can run __________. (adverb)

24.   He gave _________ a book. (pronoun)

25.   An _________ policeman is liked by all. (adjective)

26.   _______ we eat more, we will get fat. (conjunction)

E. Choose the correct part of speech.

1.      I practice regular/regularly.

2.      A beautiful woman is smile/smiling.

3.      He/his is my best friend.

4.      She looked up and/but didn’t see anything.    

5.      My family lives in different parts in/of India.

6.      That was a difficult/difficulty question.

7.      She was very impressed to/with her results.    

8.      The cheetah is a wild/wide animal.

9.      My kite flews/flew higher than the house.

10.   I was in wait/waiting room.

F. Answer of A column is given opposite to it in column B. Choose the correct Answer-

                          A                                B

1.      adverb-                   fast/ fastly

2.      adjective-                beauty/beautiful

3.      noun -                     childhood/childish

4.      pronoun-                 he/boy

5.      verb-                       help/helpful

6.      conjunction             and/outside

7.      proposition             because/between

8.     interjection              wow/Won

 

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